"K.M. Sulaiman" <sulaiman44@hotmail.com>
§Ä¡¸¿¡¾ý
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Žì¸õ !
...................................
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Ü÷¾ÄÈò¾¢üÌ(evolution)
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>< >< >< >< ><
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«¾É¡Ä ¿£í¸§Ç
ÀÊîÍôÀ¡÷òÐì¸í¸.
40 DAYS IN THE WOMB
Joe Leigh Simpson, Professor
of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the North Western University in Chicago
in the United States of America. As we know, these chromosomes contain
all the characteristics which the new human being will have such as thecolor
of the eyes, skin, hair,etc. Hence, many of the details in the human
being’s make-up are determined in his chromosomes. These chromosomes begin
to form during the early nutfah stage of
embryonic development. In other
words, the distinguishing features of the new human being are determined
from the
very beginning at the nutfah
stage. Allah, the Most Exalted, the Most Glorified, has stated this fact
in the Qur’aan:
During the first 40 days of
gestation, all the body parts and organs are completely, though
consecutively formed. The Prophet Muhammad, (sallallahu ‘alaihi wa
sallam), has informed us in a hadeeth that: In every one of
you, all
components of your creation
are gathered together in your mothers’ womb by 40 days. (Narrated
in Saheeh
Muslim and Al-Bukhaari).
In another Hadeeth, Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam)
said: When forty-two nights have passed over the drop (nutfah), Allah sends
an angel to it, who shapes it and makes its ears, eyes, skin, flesh
and bones. Then he says, "O Lord, is it male or female?" and your Lord
decides what
he wishes. (Narrated in Saheeh
Muslim). Professor Simpson studied these two hadeeths extensively,
noting that the first 40 days constitute a clearly distinguishable stage
of embryogenesis. He was particularly impressed by the absolute precision
and accuracy of those hadeeths. Then during one of the
conferences which he attended he gave the following opinion: So that
the two hadeeths that have been noted can provide us with a specific time
table for the main embryological development before 40 days. Again,
the point had been made repeatedly by other speakers this morning
that these hadeeths could not
have been obtained on the basis of the scientific knowledge that was available
at the time
of their
recording. Professor Simpson says thatreligion can successfully guide
the pursuit of knowledge. The West, as we said, has rejected this.
But here is an American scientist who says that religion, namely Islam,
can achieve this with
success. By analogy, if you
go to a factory and have with you the operation manual of the factory,
then you will be able to easily understand the kind of operation
that goes on in that factory, thanks to that manual by the factory designer
and builder. But if you do not have this manual with you, chances
are much less that you will have good understanding of the various processes
there.
Professor Simpson said: It
follows, I think, that not only is there no conflict between genetics
and religion, but in fact religion can guide science by adding revelation
to some traditional scientific approaches. That there exists statements
in the Qur’aan shown by science to be valid, which supports knowledge in
the Qur’aan having been derived from Allah.
This is true. I also say that
the Muslims can lead the way in the pursuit of knowledge and that
they can accord knowledge its proper status. Moreover, Muslims know how
to use knowledge as proof of the existence of Allah, May Allah be
Exalted and Glorified, and to affirm the Messengership of Muhammad (sallallahu
‘alaihi wa sallam).
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><
if you require more information
about this, please visit;
http://www.beconvinced.com
anbudan
sulaiman.
From: "Dr.K.Loganathan" <loga@usm.my>
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RRasheed@gisqatar.org.qa
First and foremost, it has to be noted that the theory of evolution is not a scientific argument, but a dogmatic philosophy and a materialistic world view hiding behind the mask of science. However, it is not faith in this dogmatic philosophy, which has had a stimulating role in the birth and development of modern science, but faith in Allah.
Most of the people who have
pioneered modern science believed in the existence of Allah, and while
studying science they sought to discover the universe Allah has created,
to see His laws and the details in His creation. Scientists such as Leonardo
da Vinci, Copernicus, Keppler, Galileo, Cuvier (the father of paleontology),
Linnaeus (the pioneer of
botany and zoology) and Isaac
Newton all studied science by faith. They believed in the existence of
Allah and that the whole universe came into existence by His creation.
Considered to be the biggest genius of our age, Einstein was another devout
scientist who believed in Allah.
Nevertheless, the theory of evolution came into view by the re-awakening of ancient materialistic philosophies and became widespread in the 19th century. This philosophy supposes that matter is absolute and infinite. This materialistic philosophy does not hold anything to be real except the matter, so it tries to explain the universe and nature through purely material factors. Since it denies creation right from the start, it puts forward that every being, whether animate or inanimate, appeared without any means of creation, but by mere coincidence and then acquired an order.
However, the human mind is organised
to comprehend the existence of an organising will wherever it sees an order.
Materialistic philosophy, which is contrary to this very basic characteristic
of the human mind, produced
"the theory of evolution" in
the middle of the 19th century.
The Theory of Evolution: Darwin's Imagination
The person who put forward the
theory of evolution the way it is defended today, was an amateur English
naturalist, Charles Robert Darwin. Darwin had never taken a formal
biology education. He only took an amateur interest in the subject of nature
and living things. His interest drove him to volunteer for boarding on
the official discovery ship named H.M.S.Beagle that set out from England
in 1832 and travelled around different regions of the world for five years.
Young Darwin was greatly impressed by various living species, and particularly
by various finches he saw in the Galapagos Islands. He thought that the
variance in their beaks was caused by their adaptation to their habitat.
With this idea in mind, he supposed that the origin of life and species
lay in the concept of "adaptation to the environment". According to Darwin,
living species were not created individually by Allah, but came from a
common ancestor and differentiated
from each other as a result
of natural conditions.
Although Darwin's hypothesis was not based on any scientific discovery or experiment, in time, he turned it into a pretentious theory with the support and encouragement he received from the famous materialist biologists of his time. The idea was that the individuals who adapted to the habitat in the best way transferred their qualities to the next generations, and therefore, these advantageous qualities accumulating in time changed the individual to a species totally different from its ancestors. (The origin of these "advantageous qualities" was unknown). According to Darwin, man was the most developed outcome of this blind mechanism.
Darwin named this process "evolution by natural selection". He thought he had found the "origin of species"; the origin of one species was another species. He published these views in his book titled The Origin of Species: By Means of Natural Selection in 1859.
While developing his theory, Darwin was impressed by many evolutionist biologists preceding him, and primarily by Lamarck. According to Lamarck, living creatures were passing the traits they acquired during their lifetime from one generation to another, and were thus evolving. For instance, giraffes evolved from antelope-like animals by extending their necks further and further from generation to generation as they tried to reach higher and higher branches for food.
But both Darwin and Lamarck were mistaken, because biochemistry did not exist at that time and genetics was unknown. Therefore, their theories depended totally on their powers of imagination.
While the echoes of Darwin's book lingered on, an Austrian botanist, Gregor Mendel discovered the laws of inheritance in 1865. These laws refuted the idea of passing the acquired traits onto subsequent generations. Not much heard of until the end of the century, Mendel's discovery gained great importance at the beginning of the 1900's. This was the genesis of the science of genetics. Again in the same years, the structure of the genes and the chromosomes was discovered. And in the 1950's, the discovery of the DNA molecule that includes the genetic information put the theory in a great crisis. The reason was the incredible complexity of the DNA, whose origin could never be explained by any random process.
All these developments should
actually have caused Darwin's theory to be banished to the dusty shelves
of history. However certain circles insisted on revising, renewing, and
raising the theory up to a scientific platform.
All these efforts were very
meaningful in indicating that behind the theorylaid some ideological intentions
rather than scientific concerns.
Allah - The Almighty GOD
=========================
"Dr.K.Loganathan" <loga@usm.my>
Dear Rasheed,
Thank-you very much for your comments. I really appreciate
them. But I wantto tell you something about the notion of science of science
itself. There is a notion of scince which is still foreign to all
those whom you mentioned including Einstein and many others. You
see there TWO kinds of sciences : the positistic and hermeneutic. While
the West developed the positivistic sciences(and because of which
we have great technologies, including the present Cyberspace) Indians
particularly the Tamils developed the hermenetic sciences which I have
resuscitated and on the basis of which I have developed Agamic Psychology,
Process Gramar and what not. The basic papers are available in the pages
of Dravidian Philosophy Campus (https://members.tripod.com/loga/tindex.htm)
At the moment this distinction is also very vigorously debated in the West
where they are distinguishing between qualitative and quantitative sciences.
Below I
reproduce my latest paper and the briefest on the notion
of Hermeneutic science in which I also make reference to Tolkaappiyam.
This notion of hermeneutis science is the science of destruction of IGNORANCE
that IS ALREADY within us and which is attributed to MAALAM, a stuff
that breeds DARKNESS within us and because of which WE CANNOT SEE even
if it is infront of us. The Tamils, to eternal credit, have transormed
the field of religion
into a field of Hermeneutic Science and the credit goes
to THIRUMULAR and
MEYKANDAR amongst many others. I have translated Meykandar,s
Civanjana BOtham into English and is available in full in the Campus.
The extensive introduction there also elaborates the notion of Hermeneutic
Science and how
it stands in realtion to quantitaive scinces. Please
read it carefully and post me any further questions you may have.
One more thing: to be a scientist, wether positivistic
or hermeneutis is NOT TO BE DOGMATIC. There are NO DOGMAS in science. For
all scientific knowledge is CONSTRUCTIVE and hence as Meykandar would say
ACATHTHARIVU. And as it said by Arunandi : ARivinaal aRin-tha yaavum acatththu.
Kuhn has noted that in the history of science where paradigms shift. More
recently Foucault in France has begun to talk about the archeology
of knowledge, how there are underground forces introducing DISCONTINUIIES
and so forth in the emergence of DISCOURSES particularly of the scietific
type. And furtheremore what impels the scientists, wether positivistic
or Hermenutic is the NOTION OF TRUTH and not, I think, anything else. Of
course the TRUTH may the presnece
of ALLAH or the DANCE OF SIVA but that is not discovered
through quantitative experiments and explorations but rather by the route
of Hermeneutic endeavours where the DARKNESS that does not allow us to
UNDERSTAND that gets destroyed.
Hope to hear from you.
THE NOTION OF HERMENEUTIC SCIENCE
Dr.K.Loganathan, Universiti Sains Malaysia Sept 1998
1. Objectivity in Hermeneutic Science
While the West with its preoccupation with reason and
rationality developed the scientistic forms sciences which ultimately results
in novel technological achievements and hence progress in material culture,
the Dravidian folks appear to have developed the hermeneutic sciences which
leads to developments in spiritual or psychological technologies
and hence improvements in mental and physical health. The essential
principles of this form of science is more inclusive
than the mathetically oriented scientistics and hence
incorporates a conception of human rationality that is more comprehensive.
There is a more inclusive concept of reason that has agitated the best
of the Dravidian folks and has finally enabled them to understand Metaphysica
Universalis as outlined in the 13th cent. Civajnana Botham of Meykandar.
It should be noted that Metaphysica Universalis is possible only within
the notion of
Hermeneutic Sciences.
The phrase " vinaiyin n-Ingki viLangkiya aRivin
munaivan" that occurs in one of the sutras in TolkAppiyam outlines
a notion of OBJECTIVITY that is central to the Hermeneutic Science
that we are trying to articulate here. Only an individual who frees himself
from prejudices of all sorts (vinai) and because of which he becomes a
luminary (munaivan) can be objective and see a thing as it is, as
it discloses itself from within itself. This is phenomenology in
the true
sense of the word (iyal n-eRi) and only a person
who pursues his studies with this phenomenological stance well established
, can see TRUTHS and generate a TEXT that can be authoritative (muthal
n-Ul)
Within the phenomenological attitude a person must be DETACHED and hence be NOTHING at least during those moments he is investigating something. Only when he keeps the possibility of NOTHINGNESS established firmly in understanding can he remain detached, be free of prejudices and hence OBJECTIVE.
Now since objectivity as such is related to a way of Being
and hence SEEING it follows that genuine hermeneutic sciences
can be developed only by choosing UNDERSTANDING as that which ought to
be investigated. Since human understanding discloses itself as discourses
of various kinds i.e. TEXTS in general, TEXTS are what ought to be procured
and investigated, something we see so eminently in the body of TolkAppiyam
itself. Over and above the verbal
texts, the nonverbal texts such as those obtained in
the Baum Test and Family Portrait Test and such other spontaneous productions
of man are also taken as TEXTS , very useful for gaining a true understanding
of the machinations of the human mind.
2.The Notion of RELIABILITY in Hermeneutic Science
With this clarification it is possible now to explain
the meaning of RELIABITY as it obtains in the hermeneutic sciences.
The Hermeneutic Scientist in order to be truly OBJECTIVE , has to be NOTHING
in terms of prejudices, at least during those precious moments at which
he is an investigator. He would then obtain a TEXT without tempering with
the
productive processes, abstain from interference
and such direct or indirect manipulations that
would serve to project his OWN ideas rather than that
of the subject being investigated. The investigator is free to
create a context of a kind for otherwise TEXTS of
useful kind cannot be obtained. Having created the necessary context in
which the subject produces, he should then withdraw himself from it,
be ABSENT, be NOTHING subsequent to that so that subjects are FREE to respond
in a manner they see fit. The responding here is actually that of
EXPRESSING
himself so that what he is himself gets a textual manifestation.
In Hermeneutic Sciences, we do not obtain
data on the basis experimentation which are always manipulations
of the subjects to test whether a particular hypothesis the
experimenter has in mind, holds or not.
The focus on analyzing expressions as such
also means there are NO INSTRUMENTS in the hermeneutic sciences and
hence concerns as to whether a particular instrument is reliable or not,
RELIABILTY being here something measurable. It is understood
that MAN IS NOT THE MEASURE of everything and hence acknowledging
the possibility of TRUTHS outside and above instrumental interventions.
In Hermeneutic Sciences we investigate only TEXTS and they
are RELIABLE only when they are obtained as spontaneous
productions of the subjects, expressions emerging out
of the subjects themselves and from within without being subjected to any
manipulations. The personality of the investigator must not be present
either directly or indirectly in a manner that would affect the productive
or expressive
processes.
3.The Notion of VALIDITY
Having clarified the notion of RELIABILITY thus now we
have to attend to the important notion of VALIDITY. Certainly
the TEXT in relation to the way it is obtained is irrelevant to the notion
of validity. For validity pertains to JUDGEMENT and hence to the notion
of TRUTH.
The attitude of standing detached in the analysis of
TEXTS is also relevant here for it is within
this attidute that TRUTHS can be sighted.
Now every TEXT, because it points to something beyond
and above itself, has DUAL STRUCTURE, the Surface Structure (S.S)
and Deep Structure (D.S ) . A preunderstanding of a text enables
only a partial understanding of it. It simultaneously points to a subjective
condition of being IGNORANT pertaining to the meaning of the text as a
whole. In other words while we have only a partial understanding
of a text, there is no translucency but rather an opacity in the
relationship between the investigator and the text. The
subjectivity of the investigator is EXPOSED as ignorant and hence necessitating
the exercise of interpretive maneuvers to destroy it.
When a person notes certain features of the S.S and and remains
ignorant of them, he seeks to locate some elements in the D.S that are
causally related to them. Since the causal presence comes along with simultaneity,
the causation is not physical but rather AGENTIVE.
The D.S elements agentively determine the observable
features of the S.S. and when a person successfully locates these agentive
causes, he UNDERSTANDS the text. Such an understanding when gets
articulated generates a text about a text for which reason we call it a
METATEXT ( The Tamil linguists call it CeyyuL). Since
there is the
possibility of making mistakes, of being in error and
so forth, the question of the VALIDITY and the TRUTH of such
claims emerge here. The interpretation here is
in fact ontopretations, a going beyond the surface features
and reaching the deep structure elements that in fact constitute
them. The gaze goes beyond the surface and reaches the hidden, the
concealed but which are in the texts themselves, in situ. And when
the right D.S. structure is sighted then it can also be SEEN by others.
This possibility of making others see what one succeeds in seeing ensures
that what is seen is objectively there in the TEXT itself and not simply
a construction an imagination, a subjective fancy and what not.
Now since seeing what are there though concealed somewhat
constitutes seeing TRUTH it follows that what is seen thus also VALID.
Reference
Loganathan,K. Metaphysica Universalis of Meykandar
(Available in the
Dravidian Philosophy Campus
under classical texts)
Kandiah Jey, 2LS-PD, NWW" <kandiahj@crosskeys.com>
Dear Rasheed,
> universe Allah has created, to
see His laws and the details in His
> creation. Scientists such as
Leonardo da Vinci, Copernicus, Keppler,
> Galileo, Cuvier (the father of
paleontology), Linnaeus (the pioneer of
> botany and zoology) and Isaac
Newton all studied science by faith. They
> believed in the existence of
Allah and that the whole universe came into
> existence by His creation. Considered
to be the biggest genius of our
> age,
> Einstein was another devout scientist
who believed in Allah.
>
You claim many people in the past
believed in Allah. Do you mean the God
or Allah?
I think the word Allah is the term
for God in Arabic. And also, I assume
the term Allah for the God is used
by people who follow Islam. I never
knew that the people who have been
listed by you here followed Islam.
So, I doubt that Einstein and others
believed in Allah. Correct me if I
am wrong.
Thanks,
With regards,
Jeya.
: "K.M. Sulaiman" <sulaiman44@hotmail.com>
............................................................
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(±ÉìÌ
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±ý Å¡úòÐì¸û.
ENTRY 9
"Dr.K.Loganathan" <loga@usm.my>
¾õÀ ¢Í¨ÄÁ¡ÛìÌ,
Åñ½ì¸í¸Ùõ
Å¡úòÐì¸Ùõ. ¯ý
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ÁÉÍ «ôÀʧ ÌÇ¢÷óÐ
§À¡îÍ ¾õÀ¢.
«¾É¡§Ä,
¯ÉìÌ ¿¢¨ÈÂ, «Ð×õ
ÍÄ¡ò¨¾ô Àò¾¢
, ¦º¡øÄÛõÛ ¬¨ºÔõ
ÅóÐÊîÍ. ÍÄ¡õ
ÐÈÅ¢¨É
ÅüÒÚòòÅ¢ø¨Ä
«ôÀðËýÛ ¦º¡øÈ.
µ÷ Ũ¸Â¢ø ¯ñ¨Á¾¡ý.
²ý «ôÀËýÛ §¸ûÅ¢
§¸ð¸Ûõ. ¿À¢ºø
«Å÷¸û
¸¨¼º¢ ¸¡Äõ ŨâÖõ
øÄÈò¾¢§Ä§Â
Õó¾Å÷. «ôÀÊ
Õó¾¡Öõ ¨È¾Ã¢ºÉõ
¦ÀüÈÅ÷.
±ÉìÌ
µ÷ ¿ñÀ÷ ¦º¡ýÉ¡÷.
¡§Ã¡ ´ÕÅ÷ «Å¨Ã
«Ï¸¢ «Åâ¼õ;
¿£í¸ ¾¡ý ¨ÈŨÉ
§¿Ã¡¸
¾Ã¢º¢ì¸¢Ã£í¸§Ç,
«Åý ¦º¡åÀõ ±ýÉ
? «ôÀËýÛ §¸ð¸,
¿À¢…ø «Å÷¸û, ¨ÈÅý
¾ý¨É
´Ç¢ÅÊÅ¢ø
Á¨ÈòÐì ¦¸¡û¸¢È¡ý
«ôÀËýÛ ¦º¡ýɡáõ.
ÓÍÄ¢õ «È¢»÷¸Ç¢¼õ
§¸ðÎ Ð
¯ñ¨Á¡
«ø¨Ä¡ ±ýÚ Å¢º¡Ã¢òÐ
ÒâóÐì ¦¸¡û.
¯Ä¸òÐ §ÁÄ¡É »¡É¢¸û
«¨ÉÅÕõ ôÀÊò¾¡ý
¨ÈŨÉ
¾Ã¢º¢òÐ ¯ûÇÉ÷.
ͧÁÕ Ä츢Âò¾¢§Ä,
ôÀ ¿¡ý ¬öóÑ
ÅÕÅÐ, «¾¢§Ä Ó¾øÅâ§Â
ôÀÊò¾¡ý
¦¾¡¼íÌÐ:" ¿¢ý
¦Áö º÷Å, ´û ¦¾ûÇ¢Â".
¿õÁ ÅûÇÄ¡÷ ܼ
"«Õð¦ÀÕ狀¡¾¢¢"
«ôÀËýÛ
¾¡§É ¨ÈÅÉ¢ ŢǢ츢ýÈ¡÷?
¿¡Ûõ ¾¢ÕìÕÌáý,
†Ëòиû §À¡ýÈÅü¨È
§¿Ãí¸¢¨¼ìÌõ
§À¡Ð ÀÊôÀÐñÎ.
º¢Åý ±ýÚ ¿¡ý
¦¾¡Øõ «§¾ ¨ÈÅý
¯Ä¸¢ø §ÅÚ ¼í¸Ç¢ø
±ôÀÊ
±ôÀÊ ±øÄ¡õ ¦ÅÇ¢ôÀðÎ
¾¨É¸¡ðÊ «ÕÇ¢ÔûÇ¡ý
±ýÚ «Å¨Éô ÒâóÐ
¦¸¡ûÇò¾¡ý
ЦÅøÄ¡õ.
¦¾ýɡΨ¼Â º¢Åý
±ýÉ¡ð¼Å÷ìÌõ
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¦Àâ¡÷¸Ç¢ø
±ÉìÌ
«øƒ¢Ä¡É¢
Á¡õ ¸…¡Ä¢ ±ýÀÅ÷¸§Ç¡Î
ÝÀ¢ ¦Àâ¡÷¸Ç¡¸¢Â
ÕÁ¢ ÌÉ¡Å¢ ¬¸¢§Â¡÷¸¨ÇÔõ
À¢ÊìÌõ.
ÌÉ¡Å¢, ƒ¢Ä¡É¢
¬¸¢§Â¡÷¸ÇÐ áø
¬í¸¢Ä ¦Á¡Æ¢¦ÀÂ÷ôÀ¢ø
Faith and Practice
of Islam ±ýÈ
¾¨ÄôÀ¢Öõ À¢È
¾¨ÄôÀ¢Öõ À¢ÃÍÃõ
¬¸¢ Õ츢ýÈÐ.
¸¢¨¼ìÌÁ¢¼õ:
S.
Abdul Majeed & Co, 2210
Malayan Mansion, Lalan Masjid India, 50100 Kuala
Lumpur , Malaysia.
¨¼§Âò
¾õÀ¢, ¿£¾¡ý
¾¢Õ¦¿È¢ò ¦¾Ç¢¨ÅÔõ
¾¢Ã¡Å¢¼¦ÁöÂÈ¢×
ÅÃÄ¡Ú §À¡ýÈÅü¨ÈÔõ
ÀÊì¸ô§À¡§È.
«¾É¡§Ä ¯ÉìÌõ
Áò¾Åí¸ÙìÌõ,
ó¾ ¾¢Õ¦¿È¢ò¦¾Ç¢Å¢§Ä
±ÉìÌ À¢Êîº µ÷
º¢Ú
À̾¢¨Â
ì¸Ê¾ò§¾¡Î
¾÷§Ãý. ÀÊîÍô
À¡Õ. À¢ÈÌ ¯ÉìÌ
Ţâš ±ØЧÈý.
§¿Ãí¸¢¨¼ôÀо¡ý
̾¢¨Ãì
¦¸¡õÀ¡Â¢ÕìÌ.
¸£§Æ
¯ûÇÐ ÓÃÍ «ïºø
±Øò¾¢ø §À¡¼ôÀð¼Ð.
¿õÁ ¸½¢É¢ ÅøÖ¿÷¸û¾¡ý
Á¢ý¦ÉØò¨¾
Á¡ò¾¢ì¸¢ð§¼
Å÷Ã¡í¸§Ç. ±ôÀ
¯ÕôÀÊÂ¡É µ÷
ÓÊÅ¢üÌ ÅÕÅ¡í¸ýÛ
¦¾Ã¢Â¨Ä. «ÐŨÃìÌõ
ôÀÊôÀð¼
º¢ÃÁí¸û ¿ÁìÌ
ÕìÌõ. ¦À¡ÚòÐì¸Ûõ.
«ñ½ý
¸¢. §Ä¡¸¿¡¾ý
1.3 —º‘Ϲ±Æ …´±è(Please convert to Murasu anjal)
3.1) ĕ
ƒ¹¸–€Ò íì —°ä°í —º‘Ϲ±Æ
…´±è Æ‘—°ïò Øã™×Å.
ƒ€ÒÀ€é‘—Æî
Ž¥¿º×í€é —°äב™ŽÉÅ
—× ŸÏ™À‘ ‚þ× ê¿º‘þ×
—œ‘ÖÓÆ×í€é
ت¥Ò‘³ ±éòº¥
ØÍ´³ ØÍ´³ ØÍÚ€Ì
—œË׳Å;
—×俺ª¥€×€ã™
—‘¯¨ °ò×Þ —×俺¥‘³
ƒòñÅ ½€°¹þ° Ž¥™Å
—º‘Ï€ã
â¹³ ‡¨´³ þÀí—‘«Ñ¹³
—°èäÆ êØò —º‘Ïã‘™Ž
âÚ€Ì
—œË׳Å,
ºíºÒ €Ò´³€é€ã
Ø͙Šƒ¹¸–Óò Ò ³€é€ã™
¯¨
×í€é
ƒòñÅ ¸®Ž ‚˹³ °ï´°ï
—ºÏ¹³€éã‘ ×ãÑ´³
×Þ¸–Öè ºÒ
—œË׳Å,
ŠÏ½€¥ Š´³Å ŠÏ½€¥ ŠÜב³Å
´þ°‘¨ ½³€ÀÆ‘¿ ºÒ
—œË³ œ‘ѽ
¸–Öè
ºÒ ƒÆíì׳Šƒ³þº‘òé€×ÉÅ
—º‘Ϲ±Æ …´±ã‘Å.
3.2) ´þ°‘¨,
ƒ±Ö €éè ƒÏ¿»ò ×í€é™
¯¨ —ׯ—¥à¹³, ¯¦´³
Àì´³
ƒòñÅ ‚ÝÅ —œòì ƒ¹¸–Óò
—œÖב™Ž€î °Ñ™Å Ù쀥Æ
‡±Ñ ¸–Ö
—œË׳Å
—º‘Ϲ³×þ°.
3.2.1) º‘ÌźÍÆ
ª¦Ö êÚ ™¯¦Ï™, °€î
ޙŠÙ쀥Ƒïíþ
×£‘îÅ
´±™Å. ‡ÖÒ‘ ¦€À´°î´±ïòìÅ
Ýòé‘ñ™þ
¦€ÀÆ‘—°‘òìÁÒ‘™
þ‘À‘ïò þº‘°€î ÃíêÕÅ
½Å, ×£‘îÅ ´±™Å.
ƒ°î‘Ö
êØ€î ‚™Ž ‹Ñ —µêÇÖ —œÕ´³Å
º‘ÌźÍÆ›è, º¯º‘ª¨
˜ìè,
À°¢œ‘ѽè,
ºÝ™×Ý™›è, —À‘Þ¿ºíìè
‡î¿þº‘òé ‡ÖÒ‘ ºí와ãÉÅ
³€¥™þׯ¨Å.
Ü×‘ì ³€¥™‘° ì€À ƒ¹¸–í
…¯—¥ïò, °€î™ ¯¨
¯¦´³
‡±Ñ ¸–Ö —œË׳ —º‘Ϲ³×þ°
Æ‘Å.
3.3) ƒÜבì
‡±Ñ™´ ³¬Æ‘ ¦€Àª
ƒ¹¸–Ò‘Ö ‚׳ ŠòìÁÖ€Ò.
‡±Ñ´³
‡±Ñ´³
þº‘ͪ¨ æØÖ ‡±Ñ™þ×
æƑ³ ‡Üבì ÃÆòìÅ
‡òéþ×‘Ñ ¶€ÒÇÖ
Æ‘³
¶íŽòéþ°‘ ³þ× —ÀËÆ‘Žòé³.
3.4) ૡۮ
ƒ¨™¯è ×¹³íé þº‘±ÕÅ,
ƒ¹¸–€ÒÉÅ ‡¹¸–€ÒÉÅ
Þ´³
Þ´³
°í þÀÖ —œÖÒ ÃÆÕבñ™þ
Æ‘¯¨Å Æ‘Ì‘ÕÅ Þ™
æƑ°
…ì±ã‘ŽÆ
—ÀËè ´±™Å. ƒÜבé‘î
Ù쀥Æ, °ì¯€À ¶€é¹°
ŠÏ×ñ™þ
×£‘îÅ ´±™Å ‡òì«Ñ.
3.5) ĕ
þ×°Å Š±ñÅ Øã›
¸–íºÒ íŽñÅ, †±ÆÅ
°Ï׳ …ÒŽÆÒêþ×
‡òº°‘ÕÅ,
ƒÜבÃÅ …ÒŽÆÖ ×‘â™€ÇÓϹ³
Š³›Ž¢ —œÖÒ‘³ ºª¥à¹±
ñºØ´³
—º‘³×‘™ ¯¨ »é ‚ݤ
—œòì ƒ€éÆÏäò ³€«—Æ‘¨
…Ò´³
ºÖþ×ì
¶â¢€ã ¶ì´³Å ±ÏØ€ãÆ‘¥Ö€ãÉÅ,
×íêò Äқ㑎Æ
ƹ±Ì›€ãÉÅ,
À¹±Ì›€ãÉÅ »é
º¤œŽÏ´±Æ›€ãÉÅ
¯¨Å °íþÀÖ
—œòì
×£‘îÅ ƒ´°ò€ÀƳ
‡òì —º‘³¿º¥ …«Ñ¹³Å
‡à°¿ºª¥³ ‚°Ò‘Ö,
…ÒŽÆÒêØ€î
Š³™‘³ ‡è㑳 ºª¥ê°ÕÅ
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°Ï´þ°ÑØ€î
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‚ËÚ´³€é ÁÚÅ þׯ¦Æ
Šòì
‡î
ê.
3.6) ‚Çò
…ÒŽÆÒêþ× êÚ »é—×ÖÒ‘Å
ê×ÖÒ ‡ñÅ …Ò‘Æ°
À¥€À€ÆÉÅ
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þׯ¨Å. ƒ€éÆÏè ‡›þ
ƒª¨¢ —œÖŽòéþ°‘ ‚›þ ±é¹°Úã´þ°‘¨
³¬¹³
—œÒÖþׯ¨Å. Üבì
—œÕÅþº‘þ° ƒ¹¸–Óò
…¯€Àè Øã›Å.
3.7) ƒ€éÆϪ
³€«Çòê ƒÜבÀ´€°¿
½Í¹³—‘è׳Å, ‡à°¿º¥™
˜¦Æ
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×ãѹþ°‘›Å ¡ÝÓþÒþÆ
¶òì ƒ°€î™ í þׯ¨Å.
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×Þº‘¨
ƒ°í Á þ°€×Æ‘î Šò—éî
…«Ñ. › ºÇÖŽòé €î´³Å
½Ì‘«—À‘Þ´±éò
—×俺¨°í´ ³€«þº‘Žòé€×Æ‘Å.
3.8) Š´°
¹°€îÆ‘ãÑè ±Ì¯¨
àב™ ˜¦ ƒ¹¸–€Ò íì
°ò —º‘Ï€ã
—ÀËÆ‘™
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虎 —°äڀ㠎´°Ö
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3.9) ġ۔
—œÜþ× —œËÆ, ¦¿º€¥Æ‘î
¹°€î¢ Ÿ°¹±ÌÃÅ
þ°€× ‡òéê.
ƒ³
Š¨™¿ºª¥ ƒ¥›äÖ ƒ¹¸–Óò
…¯€Àè ½ÍÆב̑.
"Dr.K.Loganathan" <loga@usm.my>
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" ´ý§È ÌÄõ , ´ÕŧÉò§¾Åý"
±ýÈ §¸¡ðÀ¡Îõ
«¾§É¡Î ÅÕõ
«¾¢Å÷½¡ÍÃ
¾÷ÁÓõ ÕìÌ.
¬É¡ Ó¾øÄ ¾¨É
º¢¾õÀà ø…¢Âõ
¬ì¸¢É¡í¸, À¢ÈÌ
Ò¨¾îÍ
¦¸¡ý§É
§À¡ðÎð¼¡í¸. ¿£
º¢¾õÀÃí §¸¡Â¢ÖìÌ
§À¡§ÉýÉ¡, À¢î¨ºì¸¡Ã÷¸¨Ç
ܼ º¡¾¢
«ÊôÀ¨¼Â¢ø
À¢Ã¢îÍ ÅÕôÀ¨¾
À¡÷ì¸Ä¡õ. À¢Ã¡Á½
À¢î¨ºì¸¡Ã÷¸ðÌ
¯û§Ç ¼õ,
«øÄ¡¾Åü¸ðÌ
¦ÅÇ¢§Â. ±ôÀÊ
ÕìÌ ¨ºÅò¾¢ý
«¾¢Å÷½¡Íà ¾÷Áõ?
Ðô§À¡Äò¾¡ý
¾õÀ¢ ÍÄ¡¾¢ø§Ä
ÐÈ×õ, Ü÷¾ÄÈì
§¸¡ðÀ¡Îõ. ºÃ¢
º¡ýÚ §ÅÏÁ¡ ø¨Ä¡?
ô¦À¡
¾÷§Ãý. º¢ó¾¢îÍô
À¡Õ. Ó¾ø¦Ä ÌÉ¡Å¢
(¦À÷º¢Â¡ 13¬õ áüÈ¡ñÎ)
«Å÷¸Ç¢ý "The
rising places of Faith" ±ýÈ
áÄ¢ÕóÐ µ÷ À¡ò¾¢
:" Know- may God make you qualified
for His wonderoua mysteries and give you
success in taking illumination
from his marvalous lights-- that the human
being possesses stages, and
in each stage there are specific perceptions,
for the perceptions of the
coming stage are absent from the present stage.
For example, the embryo has
specific perceptions, and in relation to its
perceptions the suckling infant's
objects are "unseen". Hence the stage of
the suckling infant is beyond
that of the embryo. Likewise, the stage of the
child who can discriminate
is related to that of the suckling infant in the
same way that the stage of
the suckling infant is related to that of the
embryo. Then, the stage of
the person in control of reason is beyond that of
discriminating child, the stage
of being God's friend is beyond that reason,
the stage of prophecy is beyond
that odf being a friend, and above everyone
who has knowledge is one who
knows."
о¡ý
¾õÀ¢ ¨ºÅÓí ÜÚ¸¢ýÈ
Ü÷¾ÄÈõ. Ò¨¾Â¡¸,
ÝìÌÁÁ¡¸ ÕôÀÐ
àÄÁ¡¸¢¼ ÀìÌÅ
Ó¾¢÷.
ó¾ Ó¾¢÷¢ý
¸¨¼º¢ ¿¢¨Ä ţΧÀÚ,
Íò¾ §Á¡Éõ. Å¡ìÌ
Á¡É¡¾£¾
§¸¡ºÃ¡Á¡¸¢Â
¨ÈŧɡΠ§ÅÈÈ
¿¢üÀÐ. Ð ¦Áö¸ñ¼¡÷
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«¾¡ÅÐ «Ãº
ÍÄ¡ò¾¢§Ä
Ð ÅüÒÚò¾ôÀ¼¡§Á
ÅÇ÷ì¸ôÀ¼¡§Á
§À¡Â¢ÎîÍýÛ
¿¢¨É¸¢ý§Èý.
»¡É ÍÄ¡ò¾¢§Ä
«¾ý ÓÊÀ¡É
±ø¨ÄìÌô ¦À¡¸§ÄýÛ
¦¾Ã¢ÔÐ.
ÐÈ×õ ÕìÌ ¬É¡ø ÅüÒÚò¾ôÀ¼¡§Á §À¡îÍ. ¸£§Æ ÅÕõ ̽íÌÊ ÁŠò¾¡ý º¡¸¢Ò À¡¼¨Äô À¡§Ãý.
³§Â¡ ¦Å¨Éô§À¡Öõ
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ù
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¨ÁÂ¡É ¸ñ½¢Â÷
ŨÄìÌû «¸ôÀð¼
Á¡À¡Å¢ ¾£À¡Å¢
¡ý
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¯¨Á ¿¡¼¡¾
Á¼¨Á Ìʦ¸¡ñ¼
À¡Å¢
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¦Áö¡¸ ¿õÀ¢Ôý
¦À¡ýÉÊ ÁÈó¾
À¡Å¢
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¬¸¢§Â ÔÁ¾Ê¨Á
¿¡Â¢Ûí ¸¨¼Â¡Å§É¡
¿ü̽í Ìʦ¸¡ñ¼
À¡òЄ¡ Å¡ÉÌÕ
¿¡¾ý Ó¸¢Â¢ò¾£§É!
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ÅÕõ ýÛõ ÀÄ
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ÐÈÅÈò¨¾ô ÀüÈ¢
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ºÁ¡¾£¾õ À¡ÊÂ
¾¡ÔÁ¡ÉŨà ¦ÀâÐõ
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ÍÄ¡ò¾¢ø ÐÈ×
ø¨Ä¡? ±ýÉ ¿¢¨É츢§È?
«ñ½ý ¸¢.§Ä¡¸¿¡¾ý
ENTRY 11
"K.M. Sulaiman" <sulaiman44@hotmail.com>
«ýÀ¢üÌâÂ
§Ä¡¸¿¡¾ý «ñ½ý
«Å÷¸ÙìÌ Å½ì¸õ
!
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±ÉìÌò ¦¾Ã¢ó¾
Å¢Çì¸í¸û.
§Ä¡¸¿¡¾ý
«ñ½ý ±Ø¾¢ÂÐ.
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±ó¾ «ÇÅ¢üÌ ÍÄ¡õ
Àò¾¢ ¯ñ¨Á ±ýÀ¾¢§Ä
±É째¡÷ ³ÂôÀ¡Î.
²ýÉ¡
ÍÄò¾¢§Ä
ÐÈÅÃÓõ ÕìÌ,
Ü÷¾ÄÈì §¸¡ðÀ¡Îõ
ÕìÌ. ºÃ¢ ÓýÒ
ø§ÄýÛ ¦º¡ýÉÅí¸
ôÀ
ÕìÌýÛ
¦º¡øÖÃ£í¸§Ç
, ÓÃñÀ¡Î ø¨Ä¡
«ôÀËýÛ ¿£ ¿¢îºÂÁ¡ì
§¸ð¨À. ¬¸ ºüÚ
Å¢Çì¸Á¡¸
¦º¡ø§Ã§É.
ÍÄ¡ò¨¾ ±Îòи¢ð¼¡
«Ãº ÍÄ¡õ, »¡É
ÍÄ¡õ «ôÀËýÛ
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À¢Ã¢îÍô
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ÍÀ¢ ÍÄ¡õ. ЧÄ
¿¡ý ¦º¡ýÉ ÃñÎõ
ÕìÌ, ¬É¡ø
ÓüÈ¡¸
ÅÇáÁ ÝìÌÁ
ÅÊÅ¢§Ä§Â ¸¢¼ìÌÐ.
§ÁÖõ «Ãº ÍÄ¡õ
ó¾ »¡É ÍÄ¡¨Á
ÅÇÃ
ŢΞ¢ø¨Ä.
Ð
±ôÀÊýÉ¡,
¨ºÅ ºÁÂò¾¢§Ä
" ´ý§È ÌÄõ , ´ÕŧÉò§¾Åý"
±ýÈ §¸¡ðÀ¡Îõ
«¾§É¡Î ÅÕõ
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¾÷ÁÓõ ÕìÌ.
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§À¡§ÉýÉ¡, À¢î¨ºì¸¡Ã÷¸¨Ç
ܼ º¡¾¢
«ÊôÀ¨¼Â¢ø
À¢Ã¢îÍ ÅÕôÀ¨¾
À¡÷ì¸Ä¡õ. À¢Ã¡Á½
À¢î¨ºì¸¡Ã÷¸ðÌ
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«øÄ¡¾Åü¸ðÌ
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ÐŨà «Åí¸Ç¡Ä
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«ó¾ Å¢ÀÃõ
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À¡÷ì¸Ä¡õ. ¿¡ý
º¢¾õÀÃòÐÄ ÕóÐ
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ƒÉ½Á¡ÉÅý.
«¾É¡Ä ¿¢¨ÈÂ
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«í§¸ÔûÇ º¡¾¢Å¢ò¾¢Â¡ºí¸ûÄ¡õ
¿øÄ¡§Åò
¦¾Ã¢Ôõ.
¿¢ü¸,
ŠÄ¡òÐÄ «ÃÍ ŠÄ¡õ,
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ÐÈÅÈõ
Íò¾Á¡ì ¸¢¨¼Â¡Ð.ŠÄ¡õÄ
±ø§Ä¡ÕìÌõ ´§ÃÁ¡¾¢Ã¢Â¡É
ÅÆ¢¾¡ý.
ŠÄ¡õÀüÈ¢Â
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ÓŠÄ£õ¸û Õ츢ȡ÷¸û.
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¦¾Ã¢ó¾ÅÛìÌõ,
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´§ÃÁ¡¾¢Ã¢Â¡É
¨ÈÅÆ¢À¡Î¾¡ý.
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ÐÈÅ¢, «øÄÐ »¡É¢.
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´ù¦Å¡Õò¾Ûõ,
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ŠÄ¡õÄ
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ŠÄ¡ò¾¢ý §¿¡ì¸õ.
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±ý¨Éô¦À¡Õò¾
ÁðÊø ÐÈÅÈõ ±ýÀÐ
´ÕÅ¢¾Á¡É Í¿Äõ.
«øÄÐ Å¡ú쨸 º¢ì¸Ä¢ø
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¾ôÀ¢òÐ즸¡ûÙõ
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ÓŠÄ£Á¸Ç¢ý §¿¡ì¸Á¡¸
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¬¸, ŠÄ¡ò¾¢ý ¨ÈÅÛìÌ
ÁðÎõ¾¡ý,
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«ñ§½,
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º¡¸¢Ò ¿øÄ ¸Å¢»Ã¡
Õì¸Ä¡õ.
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Å¢ºÂõ. «Ð측¸
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±ýÀ¨¾ ÁðÎõ À¡÷ô§À¡õ.
«ýÒ¼ý
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"Dr.K.Loganathan" <loga@usm.my>
¾õÀ¢
ͨÄÁ¡ý,
º¢Ä Å¢ºÂí¸¨Ç
§¸ûÅ¢¸¨Ç ¯ý º¢ó¾¨ÉìÌ
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±É째 º¢Ä ÌÆôÀí¸û.
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ŠÄ¡òÐÄ «ÃÍ ŠÄ¡õ,
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Íò¾Á¡ì ¸¢¨¼Â¡Ð.ŠÄ¡õÄ
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ÓŠÄ£õ¸û Õ츢ȡ÷¸û.
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Ð×õ ÅÇ¡¸ò¾¢§Ä
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ÀÊì¸ô§À¡È ¾¢Õ¦¿È¢¦¾Ç¢Å¢ø
Å¢Ç츢 Õ째ý.
ÀÊîÍ ¦¾Ã¢ïÍì¸.
ýÛõ
´ýÛ. ´ù¦Å¡Õ ¿¡Ùõ
¿¡õ ±¨¾Â¡ÅÐ
ÐÈóи¢ðξ¡ý
Õ째¡õ. ø§ÄýÉ¡
ÅÇ÷
±ôÀÊÅÕõ?
ÀòÐ ¿¡¨Ç츢
Óý Õó¾ ͨÄÁ¡ý
ýÚ ø¨Ä. Á¡È¢Å¢ð¼¡÷.
¿¡õ ±øÄ¡Õ§Á
ÐÈóÐ
ÐÈóо¡ý
ÅÇ÷¸¢ý§È¡õ.
ЦÅøÄ¡õ º¢ýÉî
º¢ýÉ ÐÈ׸ǡ¸
Õì¸Ä¡õ. ¾¡É¾ÕÁí¸û
«¨ÉòЧÁ
ÐÈôÀ¢¨É
ÅüÒÚòÐÅÉ. ÍÄ¡ò¾¢§Ä
§¿¡ýÒ, ƒì¸¡ò
§À¡ýȨŠÐÈì¸ò¾¡§É
ÁÉ¢¾¨É ÀÆì̸¢ýÈÉ?
ôÀ ¿£ ±ýÉ¡ ¿¢¨É츢§È? ¸Ê¾õ ¿£ñÎ §À¡îÍ. «¾É¡¦Ä ¿¢Úò¾¢Î§Èý.
«ýÒ «ñ½ý
¸¢.§Ä¡¸¿¡¾ý
: "K.M. Sulaiman" <sulaiman44@hotmail.com>
«ýÀ¢üÌâÂ
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Žì¸õ !
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'†¾£Š¸¨Ç'Ôõ À¡÷츧ÅñÎõ.
ŠÄ¡ò¾¢ø
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(øÄÈ
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ŠÄ¡õ «øÄ¡¾ ¬Ã¡ö¡Ç÷¸Ç¢ø
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«ÐÁðÎÁøÄ¡Áø,
ŠÄ¡Á¢Â ¬Ã¡ö¡Ç÷¸û
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ŠÅÃõ Á¡È¢Å¢ð¼¡ø
«÷ò¾§Á Á¡È¢Å¢Îõ.
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Ð «§ÃÀ¢Â¡Å¢ø
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(¿¨¼Ó¨È À¡„¨Â
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(«÷ò¾ÁøÄ)
µ¾ìÜÊÂ
ÓŠÄ£õ¸û Õ츢ȡ÷¸û.
«Ð ¾ÅÈ¡É «÷ò¾ò¨¾
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Õó¾¡ø¾¡ý Ì÷-¬¨É§Â
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ÒâóÐ즸¡ûÇÓÊÔõ.
¿Î¿¢¨Ä§Â¡Î ¬Ã¡ö
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«øÄ¡¾Å÷¸û)
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¦º¡ø¸¢È ±øÄ¡
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§À¡Â¢Õ츢ȡ÷¸û.
ÐÈÅÈõ¾Å¢Ã.
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¿£í¸ ø¨Ä ±ýÚ
¦º¡ýÉ Âø¸û
Õì¸ÈÁ¡¾¢Ã¢
¦º¡øÈ¡Õ À¡Õí¸.
"Medieval Islam was technologically
advanced and open to innovation. It
acheived far higher literacy
rates than in contemporary Europe;it
assimilated the legacy of classical
Greek civilization to such a degree
thatmany classical books are
now known to us only through Arabic copies.
It invented windmills ,trigonometry,
lateen sails and made major
advances in metallurgy, mechanical
and chemical engineering and
irrigation methods. In the
middle-ages the flow of technology was
overwhelmingly from Islam to
Europe rather from Europe to Islam. Only
after the 1500's did the net
direction of flow begin to reverse."
(pg 253) Jared Diamond a world
renowned UCLA sociologist, and
physiologist won the Pulitzer
Prize for his book: "Guns, Germs, and
Steel."
(Å÷¾¡ý
«ó¾ ¬Ã¡ö¡Ç÷)
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ЦÅøÄ¡õ º¢ýÉ
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«ôÀÊô §À¡Îí¸ñ§½...!
«ýÒ¼ý
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"Dr.K.Loganathan" <loga@usm.my>
«ýÒ
ͨÄÁ¡ý,
Á¸¢ú
¾õÀ¢ Á¸¢ú.
¿¡õ ±øÄ¡Õ§Á
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«¾¨É ÁÈÅ¡Ð
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¾ÅÚ ø¨Ä «ôÀðËýÛ
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¬É¡ø É¢ ¾Á¢ú
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¾¢Ã¡Å¢¼ ¦ÁöÂÈ¢×
ÅÇ¡¸õ Åó¾¢Î.
¯ÉìÌ «¨ÆôÒ «ÛôÀ¢
Õ츢ý§Èý.
Áò¾Åí¸ Áɺ ÒñÀÎò¾
¿¡ý Å¢ÕõÀ§Ä.
´§Ã ´Õ Å¢ºÂõ
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