1.0 À¹±Ì›�æÅ —º‘Ïè þ°‘íéÃÅ

3.1.1 …¥í ˜íì ‡¹±Ì›�äò ÄÒ¿—º‘Ïè �Ÿ´°À‘€Æ; �êÚ ‡¹±Ì›�äò ÄÒ¿—º‘Ïè Ÿ´°À‘€Æ.
ƒï ƒÜØ̯¨ À‘€Æ�äò ÄÒÀ‘� �¦€Ò ‡ñÅ ³–À‘€Æ ƒÏ™� �°ïòì þ°‘òìÅ �™�Ìœ™�Ì›�è
º±¹³ �ê×‘Ë ¶í�Á¥Å Ÿ´°À‘€Æ ‡òìÅ, °ñ™�ã‘Ë ¶í�Á¥Å �Ÿ´° À‘€Æ ‡òìÅ ƒòñÅ
ºÒבìÅ —�‘èãÒ‘Å. �Ÿ´°À‘€ÆÇÓϹ³ ‡àŽòé —º‘Ϫ�þã °ñ™�è, °‘×Ì›�è, ½×î›�è,
þº‘�›�è ‡òé×‘ì ºíºÒ �ñ¾±�ª� �‘Ì«À‘Žòéî. Ÿ´°À‘€ÆÇÓϹ³ þ°‘òìº€× �êÚ—º‘Ϫ�è:
�¹°€î ‹ª¥›�è, �îÚ �‘ª��è, �íº€î�è þº‘òé×íþ鑨 —°Ë×צכ�è �×íêò °Íœî›�è,
�´°Íœî›�ã‘Ö ‚�Å °´³×¢ �¹°€î�è, �� Ÿ´°›�è, þÀÒ‘î �ñ¾±�è þº‘òé×íêí� �‘Ì«À‘Ž
¶íŽòéî.

3.1.2 Šòéê …ÇÑ�äÓϹ³ ‚éê …ÇÑ�è, �°€îÉ› �¥¹°ê …ÇÑ�è ×€Ì, ƒ¹° ƒÌ¯¨ ×€�
‡¹±Ì›�æÅ Š´³×ÏŠÀéÇþÒþÆ —°‘Þíº¨Žòéî. ‡¨™Žòé …¥Óí�Å �êØò ºÖþ×ì
—œÆíº‘ª¦í�Å ‹Ñ ƒ€Æ½ ƒÏ¿º³ �‘«×ÏÅ ‹Ñ …¯€ÀÆ‘�Å. ‡ÖÒ‘þÀ ºÖ×€� À¹±Ì —œ‘к›�ã‘Ö
‚×°‘�Å.

3.1.3 ƒï À‘勵»é¿½ —ºíé …ÇÑ�ª� �Ò °ï�鿽™�è …èãî. �×íêÖ Á�ÚŠÙŽÆÀ‘î³, �Ÿ´°
À‘Æ‘ °ñØ€î¿ —ºÏÅ �´°�±€Æ™ �Ýòì Ÿ´°À‘Æ‘´ °ñ€×þÆ …¥Ò‘�¿ —ºÏŠב˿½ …¯¨ ‡òº€°
�ê×°‘�Å. …¥þÒ‘¨ ƒÏ¹°‘ÕÅ �±Ö —°‘¥™�鑳, �Ÿ´° À‘Æ‘´°ñØÖ º±Æ‘³ �Ýòì �êÚ ‡¹±Ì›�þã
Øã›�Å À¹±Ì´°ñ™�€ãþÆ °ò °ñ™�ã‘� —�‘¯¦Ò›�Å ‹Ñ ב♀� ¶€Ò °òî‘Ö �€¥Æ™
˜¦Æ—בòì ‡òì �ê×°‘�Å.ƒ°€î µòé‘� …«Ñ¹° —ºÍÆ‘Ñ�þ㠃ϻ鿺‘ãÑ ‚�Å. À‘ï¥ »é¿»ÓϹ³ ˜Ñ¹³ �Ýòì —°Ë׿ »é¿½ �€¥ÉÅ ÃÆí�þÆ °ÅÃÆí�Æ‘� בâþבþÌ ƒ´°€�ÆÑ.ƒ›� ƒÅÃÆí�ÇÖ  —×íêÆ€¥×³ ‡¿º¦ ‡òé þ�èØÉÅ ‡àŽòé³.

3.1.4 �êØþÒ, ƒÏäÓϹ³ —×亪¨ ‚ÇñÅ ƒòñÅ �̹° ¶€ÒÇþÒþÆ ƒÏ™�Å ‡¹±Ì—œ‘к›�äò
À€éÃ� �êØ€î™ —�‘¯¨, …ÇÑ�è ºíºÒ °´°Å þ°€×�ª� ˆíº º€¥´³ ÀŽâŽòéî. �ÏØ�è ˜¨ �ª¦
 ×‘âŽòéî; º‘Ž þº‘òé€× ×€ãþ°‘¯¦ �°ñèþã בâŽòéî; Âò�è °À™þ�íé ÿÑ×€��€ãÉÅ
¶Ò×€��€ãÉÅ þ°Ñ¹³, ¡ÝÓíþ�íé ÀéÇÖ …¥Õ쿽™�€ã¿—ºíì ºíºÒ º€¥´³ בâŽòéî. À‘ï¥Ñ�è Ù—¥òìÅ �°í� þׯ¦Æ º‘¯¥›�è º¨™€��è ÀíìÅ ˆ€îÆ ×œ±�è ‡òìÅ, —°‘Þ혥›�è, �ÖØ™
˜¥›�è, ‚ËÚ™ �Ò›�è �°í�ÍÆ ‡¹±Ì›�è �ÏØ�è ÀíìÅ ˆ€îÆ ×œ±�è ‡òìÅ; ºÆ«Å —œËÆ
ºÖ×€� ב�î›�è, —°‘¥Ñ½ —�‘èã ב—î‘Óþº‘òé �ÏØ�è ‡òìÅ; þº‘ͪ¨ °í�‘™� þº‘ÑØÀ‘î›�è,
�¿ºÖ�è, ‡ê�€«�è, בò�Ò›�è ‡òìÅ ƒòñÅ ºÒ×‘ì ‡¹±Ì›�€ã¿ º€¥´³ º€¥´³ ½³ ½³
…Ò�›�è �¯¨ ˜Ñ¹³ ˜Ñ¹³ —œÖŽòéî.

3.1.5 ƒ´°€�Æ ‡¹±Ì¿º€¥¿½™�€ãÉÅ …°ÚÅ À¹±Ì ×€��€ãÉÅ  º‘Ñ´³ �×íêò ÄÒþת€��€ã
…«ÏÅ þº‘³, �€î´³Å …¥íéñ×‘Ö ×ÏÅ �‘Ò ƒ¥´°€¥�€ã ÿ™�Å �꿽€¥´°‘Ë ƒ€× ƒÏ™Žòéî
 ‡òì —°äבŽòé³. �‘Ö�ã‘Ö µ¥¹³ —œòþé ƒ¥´€°™ �¥™� þׯ¨Å ‡òé �ª¦ò ÿ™�þÀ
†Ñ±�äò º€¥¿½. �¯�ã‘Ö Àª¦ÕÅ º‘Ñ´³ �êÆþׯ¨Å ‡òé �ª¦€î ÿ™�, ¸¯—ºÏ™Ž
—°‘€Òþµ‘™Ž þº‘òé×íêò º€¥¿½. —œØ¿½Òî‘Ö ×ÏÅ �ª¦€î ÿ™� —°‘€Òþº�, ŠÓ—ºÏ™Ž,
ב—î‘Ó þº‘òé€×. …¥Å»ò Ãò ¶�â×€° Àª¦ÕÅ �êÆþׯ¨Å ‡òé �ª¦ò ÿ™�þÀ —°‘€Ò�‘ª�™
�ÏØ�è.

3.1.6 ˆò ƒÜבé‘î …¥€Ò™ �¥¹³ �êÆþׯ¨Å ‡ñÅ þת€� ‡òé þ�èØ ‡Ý, …¥€Ò™�¥¹³ �ÖÒ³
…¥Óòê ‹Ñ×€�Æ À¹±Ì—œ‘к °ñ€×¿ —ºíì, �°ò×Þ ¶€î´° ƒ¥´±í� …¥ò —œÖÒÕÅ,
¶€î´°€° …¥ò �¥¿½Ï �‘¯ ±é´±ò �‘¯º³Å, þ�ª¥ÕÅ �ñºØ´°ÕÀ‘� ƒòñÅ ƒ°— Š´³
×ÏÅ ˆ€îÆ ‡¯�´±�þ㑨ŠבÝþׯ¨Å ‡òé ÄÒÛ¹³ …ÇþÌ‘¨ �Ò¹±Ï¿º°‘Ö ‡òì �êŽòþé‘Å.
ƒ×í€éþÆ �´°Ñ�è µ‘¦�è ‡òì �€Ý´³ �×í€é ƒ¥�€Ò µ‘¦, »›�€Ò µ‘¦, ŸÞÃ€î µ‘¦ ‡òìÅ
»é� ƒ×íêí�Å ‚°‘ÌÀ‘� ¶í�Å �ϵ‘¦ ‡òìÅ ×�´³èãîÑ.

3.1.7 ƒ¹° ÄÒ µ‘¦�è ��´±Ö ƒÏ™�þ× °‘ò ºíºÒ ×ãÑ¢��è. ½€¥—ºÆÑ¢� æƑ° °‘×Ì›�è
�°€î¿ —ºíì ˜Ñ¹³ …ÆÌ, »Ì‘¬�ã‘Žòéî. ºíºÒ �ê±é›�€ã¿ —ºíì ˜Ñ¹³ ‚éêÚ —ºíé
…ÇÑ�ã‘� …Æѹ±¥ À‘ï¥Ñ�ã‘Žòéî. ƒ°í�¨´° ºÍ«‘À ×ãÑ¢�Æ‘�, …¥Óòê ‚î‘Ö …ÇÑ À¹±Ì
—œ‘кÀ‘�þ×, À¹±Ì´±ÏþÀïÆ‘�þ× ƒÆ›Ž …¥Ò‘Ö ×ÏÅ �ª¨�è ÿ›Ž בàÅ ‹Ñ ¶€ÒÆ‘�Å.
ƒÆ™�Žòé ÄÒÛ¹°Ö�ã‘ŽÆ µ‘¦�è �´°€�Æ …ÆÑÚ�€ã þµ‘™Ž ‚òÀ‘™�€ã ƒà™Žòéî.

3.1.8 ‡¹±Ì œ›ŽÓ´—°‘¥€Ì �òÀÅ ‡òì —�‘¯¥‘Ö, ƒÌ¯¨ ×€�Æ‘î �òÀ´°€ã�è ƒÏ¿º€°™ �‘«Ò‘Å. Šòì …¥íéñ °ÏÅ ‡¹±Ì´ —°‘¥Ñ œÅº¹°Å. »ê—°‘òì �êÚ™�è °ÏÅ ‡¹±Ì´—°‘¥Ñ œÅº¹°Å. ðҀ°  °ñ�òÀÅ ‡òìÅ ƒÌ¯¥‘×€° �êÚ�òÀÅ ‡òìÅ —�‘¯¥‘Ö, �€î´³ÇÑ�ª�Å ƒÜØ̯¨ °ò€À�æ€¥Æ �òÀ›�äò œÅº¹°Å …¯—¥î´ —°ÍŽòé³.

3.1.9 ‚� Æ‘¯¨ °ñ�òÀ œÅº¹°Å ÿ›�Žòéþ°‘, ‚¯¨ …¥—Ò¨´³ �êŽòé �¥¿º‘¦òê, …¥ÓòêþÆ
‚� �‘Ò ƒ¥™�ª¨�äòêþƇ ºíºÒ �ê¹³ ÀŽàÅ »é¿½™�è ×¹°€¥É—Àî´ —°ÍŽòé³.

3.1.10 °ñ�òÀÅ ÿ›ŽÆ ‚òÀ™�þã ؤ£‘î�ÒÌ‘�Å. ƒ×Ñ�ª� Ÿ´° À‘Æ‘ ‡¹±Ì—œ‘к›�þã …¥Å½.
�‘ÒÅ ƒ¥Å ‚ŽÆ×í€é ¶ì´³Å °ñØÖÒ‘³ þº‘�, …Ò—�›�Å À¹±ÌצØÖ —œòì ×ÏÅ þºìÅ,
�´þ°‘¨ ¶�â¹°³, ¶�â׳, ¶�ÝØÏ¿º³ ‚ŽÆ×í€é …¥îêÉÅ þºìÅ Žª¦Æ×Ñ�ã‘� ƒÏ¿ºÑ. ƒÏ™Žòé ÀÒÅ ±þÌ‘°�þÀÆ‘�, Ÿ´°À‘Æ‘ …Ò�™ �¦�ã‘Ž, ºíºÒ À¹±Ì—œ‘к›�€ã¿ —ºíì �êÆ‘±Ï¿º€° �ê¹³ ‡¤� ¶íŽòé ±þÌ‘°�´€° ÿ™�×Ñ.

3.1.11 …¥íéñ ƒÖÒ‘³þº‘� Ÿª¨�‘Ò Ÿª¦¥ …«ÑÚ ƒÖÒ‘°×Ñ�ã‘�, ƒ×í€é™ �¥¹³ þÀÒ‘î
¶€ÒÇÖ ±ÍŽòé À¹±Ì—œ‘л�ã‘� Øã›�×Ñ. ‚ÇñÅ ±þÌ‘°�Å  ƒÏ™�, �°î‘Ö �êÆ‘€À
ƒÏ™� �°î‘Ö �꿽™�‘ÒÚ«ÑÚ ƒÏ™�Å ‡òì …«Ñ�. �îÚ �‘ª��äÖ ×ÏÅ À¹±ÌÚÒþ� ƒ×Ñ�è
…Ò�. ƒ€éÆÏã‘Ö ºíºÒ þ°×צכ�€ã¿ —ºíì, þÀþÒ þÀþÒ —œòì æØÖ ±þÌ‘°�Å ÃíêÕÅ ÿ›�,
ƒ¹° þ°×צכ�æÅ þׯ¥‘°‘Ž ƒ€é×þ ƒÌ¯¥é™ �Ò¹³ �×þ ÃíêÕÅ ØÆ‘»´³ ŠÏ€ÀÉ¥ò ¶òì ô± þºì �€¥Žòéî.

3.2 —°Ë×›�è À¹±Ì—œ‘к›�è

3.2.1 ‡Ü×‘ì ‹Ñ °ñ, �Ÿ´°À‘€Æ€Æ ‹Ñ À¹±ÌÅ ÃÆ™�×°‘Ö …ÏבŽòéþ°‘, �þ°¿þº‘òì ŠÜ—×‘Ï
þ°×צ×ÃÅ Ÿ´°À‘€Æ€Æ À¹±Ì—œ‘к›�è ÃÆ™�×°‘Ö þ°‘òì×î. °ñ�òÀ´°€ã(À‘Æ‘ÀÒÅ ‡òì›
˜éÒ‘Å) —°‘€Ò´° ¶€ÒÇÖ µÀ™� �´±™�™ ˜¦Æ€×þÆ þ°×צכ�æÅ �°€î¿ þº‘òé »éÚÅ.

3.2.2. þ°××¦× ¶€ÒÇÖ �êØò —°‘Þíº‘ª¨ ¶€ÒþÆ ¶€ÒÆ‘�ÚÅ, �Ÿ´°À‘Æ‘ØÏ¿½Å º¹°ÃÅ
ŠÏ �ê³ÁÖÒ‘³ ³–Ë°‘� ƒÏ™�Å. ºíºÒ À¹±Ìצכ�€ãþÆ¿ ºíê °‘ò �³×‘Ž, �°í�ÍÆ
�«›�€ãÉÅ �ê±é›�€ãÉÅ —ºíì, ½±Æ°‘� ºíºÒ �íì ±þÌ‘°� À€é¿€º ÃíêÕÅ ÿ™� —ºÍ³€Ý™�Å
‚òÀ‘.

3.2.3 …¥íéñ—ר´° ‚òÀ‘™�æ™�Å ƒ¹° À¹±ÌÚÒ� ב♀� �ñº×Å ‹ÌãÚ …¯¨. ‡¿º¦—ÆïÖ:
�îÚ�è �‘ª��è °ÏÅ �ñº×›�è ƒ´°ò€ÀÆîבÅ. ƒ›� À¹±Ìצכ�è °‘þîÆ‘Ž ºíºÒ
�íº³Å, �°ò×Þ ‚«× ÿ™�Å µ€¥—ºéÕÅ …¯¨. ƒòï€Ò ×ãÌ, ÀÌ«´±ò æØÖ ƒ´°€�Æ
‚òÀ‘™�è ¯¨Å »é¿—º¨™�Å þº‘³ …¥íéñØî‘Ö ×ÏÅ �‘Ò ƒ¥ �ª¨�äòê À¹±Ìצ×À‘�þ×
ב⹳ ºíºÒ ½±Æ �ñº×›�€ã¿ —ºìŠב˿½ �€ÀŽòé³. …Ò� À¹±ÌÚÒ�‘�þ× �€À¹³
…¥íéñØòê �‘Ò ƒ¥™ �ª¦òê œ¤œ‘̤ —œË³ ºíºÒ �ê¹³ ÀŽàŠב♀� �€ÀŽòé³.

3.2.4 ƒ¹° À¹±ÌÚÒ� ‚òÀ‘™�è, �´°¿½Ï¥Ñ�è, �¹°Ï×Ñ�è, Ø´þ°ŸÌÑ�è þº‘òì ¶€î´°
ƒ¥´±Ö ¶€î´° צØÖ þ°‘òìÅ ‚íéþÒ‘¨ Øã›�בÑ�è. ƒ×Ñ�€ã œ‘Æ‘¿½Ï¥Ñ�è ‡òìÅ ˜éÒ‘Å.
Áò�‘¹° �€Ò�è þº‘Ò, —º‘ê½Ò›�äòê �¯¨ þ�ª¨ …íì Ÿ€×´³ Ã�ѹ³ �êØ€î™ �×ÑŽòé
—º‘Ϫ�þ㑨 �µ¹¶ÆÀ‘� ¶òéê¹³ ‚�þ× œ´°êØ€î´ °ØÑ´³ þ×—é‘òìÅ �êÆ‘°
Ÿ´°¶€ÒÆ°‘�בŽ, —œÖÒ‘°ÚÒ—�Ò‘¤ —œòì �‘«‘°—×Ò‘› �¯¨ �êØ€î¿ ºòÀ¥›� —ºÏ™Ž
…ÆÑבÑ�è. ‡³þº‘Ö ‡ïò, —À‘Þ´±éò �´±´° ‚òÀ‘™�æ™� ƒ°í�Ãò þ°‘òé‘° �ê—×Ò‘¤
�¹°€î—ÆÒ‘Å —À‘Þ×Þ Žª¨×³þº‘Ö ‡ò�. �îÚ�è ¶€éÆ ×Ì¿—ºíì, �°ò×Þ —º‘ê½Ò›�æ™�
Žª¥‘° ºÒÚ¯€À�€ã À€éÆ‘� ½€°¹³ Ž¥¿º€° �êÆ ×Ï׳ þº‘òìÀ‘Å.

3.2.5 �꿽™ �‘Ò �ªþ¥ �ª¥‘�, �°ò×Þ ×ÏÅ þת€�þÆ þת€�Æ‘�, Ÿª¨™�‘Ò™ �ª¦Ö Ùâ´³Å
�òÀ´°€ã �Ýòì, ‚«× ÀÒÅ �Ýòì. ƒï �Þ™� þׯ¦Æ ÀÒÀ‘� ±þÌ‘°�þÀ ¶í�, À¹±ÌÚÒ� �Þ™�¿º¨Å À�‘œ›�‘Ì �‘ÒÅ ×€Ì —°‘¥ÏÅ º¯½€¥ ¶´±Æ ¡Í�ã‘� ƒ€×´ ±�àÅ.

3.2.6 ƒ¹° ¶´±Æ ¡Í�äò �ñº×Å ‡¿º¦ �€ÀÉ—ÀïÖ ˜ì³Å. °ñ—ר´³ �í�Å �ª¨ ƒÖÒ‘³
þº‘�, »é¿½Å ƒé¿½Å ƒÖÒ‘° �ê—ƹ±Ì —œ‘к›�þã °‘î‘�Å œ‘Æ‘½Ï¥Ñ�ã‘� בâ×Ñ. ƒ€é×ò
±ÏÚãÅ ºíìÅ À¹±Ìצכ�þã´ °‘Å ‚�×Ñ. �îÚ�äÖ �‘ª��äÖ ‹ÌãÚ —×俺¨Å ½Ì‘«ÚÏ™�þã
°‘Å ‚×Ñ. �¯«î‘�, �€Òב¬Æ‘�, þºÆ‘�, ¾°À‘�, �ŸÌî‘�, �Ì™�î‘� ƒòñÅ ƒ³ þº‘òé
À¹±Ìצכ�ã‘Ž, ƒ€é×ò °î³ ±ÏØ€ãÆ‘¥Ö�€ã µ¥´³°í� �ÏØÆ‘� �€À×Ñ.

3.2.7 ƒ×Ñ�ª� �íéÖ ‡òº³ �µ¹¶ÆÀ‘� ¶òì, °‘ò ‡¨´° �ê—ƹ±Ì ×¦Ø€î œ´°‘Ë �ê×°‘�Å.
�‘ª¥‘� À‘Æ™�¯«ò …ϗר™�, �¹° ‡¹±ÌÅ °‘î‘Ž, …¥—Ò¨´° ‚òÀ‘™�þ㑨 …¥›Ž ŠÏ€ÀÉ¥ò
¶òì —°‘Þíº¨´± �¹° …¥Ò‘òÀ‘™�æ™� ‹Ñ �ñº×Å °ÏÅ Ã�´°‘þî °‘ÃÅ �ÜÚÏØò ƒÆÖ»€î
�µ¹¶ÆÀ‘Ë ¶òéêÉÅ. ƒ›� —°‘Þíº¨Å À‘ï¥ò, °‘îêÆ‘³ °ò€î —œÕ´³Å �¯«ò צ؀î
ÀÒÀ€é¿º‘Ö �êÆ‘³, �°ò×Þ ‚�Å —œÆÖ�€ã´ °‘ò —œË³, �¹° —œÆÖ�ã‘Ö ×ÏÅ ºÒò�äÖ
—º‘ê½Ò›�ã‘Ö …«Ì¿º¨º×í€é …«Ñ¹³ ÀŽâבò. »é� ñѹ³ ‹Ñ �´°î‘ŽÆ —º‘àþ°, °‘ò
�Ü×‘ì ŠàŽÆ°í�™ �‘Ì«Å °òñè ‚þ×�´³ °òîêþב¨ �Ò¹³ —°‘Þíº¨´±Æ �¯«ò ‡ñÅ
À¹±Ìצ×Å ‡òì �êבò.

3.2.8 ƒÜבì �µ¹¶ÆÀ‘Ë ¶€î´° ‡¹±Ì ×¦Ø€î¿ —ºíì, ¶€î´° …ã´±Ö …¥ÓÖ ‚þ×�´³,
(�´°Ñ�è ˜¨Øª¨ ˜¨ º‘Ë׳ þº‘Ò) �¹° ‚òÀ‘™�€ã —°‘Þíº¨´± ‡¹±ÌצØò ƒÆÖ½�€ã
�ê°þÒ À¹±ÌÚÒ� ב♀�Çò —ºÏþµ‘™�Å. �Ÿ´° À‘Æ‘�‘ÍÆÚÒŽÖ ºíºÒ »éØ�è ‡¨´³, ‡¨´°
»éØ�ª�´ °� ‹Ñ …ÒŽ€î �ê¹³   �°í�´°�  �êÆ‘€À ÿ™�׳ þº‘Ö, Ÿ´°À‘Æ‘ÚÒŽÖ Ÿ´° …¥Ò‘ŽÆ
ºíºÒ ‡¹±Ìצכ�€ã¿ —ºíì �€×þÆ °‘î‘Ž, »é¿½  ƒé¿½ ‡òº°í� º±Ò‘� ‹Ñ ‡¹±ÌÚÏ´
°‘î‘°Ö, »é� �Ýòì ƒò—î‘òì °‘î‘°Ö ‡òéבì ב⹳ ƒ³×€Ì �‘«‘° ½×î—ÀÒ‘›�¯¨
�êÆ‘€À ÿ™�Å —œË°þÒ ƒ›� ‚�Å �íéÒ‘Å.

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